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Taken from: Steve Bozza, MA
The sperm must be procured using a perforated silastic condom during the normal lovemaking between husband and wife. This will not separate the unitive and the procreative aspects of the marital act. Insemination must take place as soon as possible after lovemaking. The sperm must not be frozen and stored for later use.
This process may be moral or immoral depending upon:
The child must be conceived in the fallopian tube, where conception normally takes place or in the uterus. The child must not be conceived in a petri dish, nor is he or she to be frozen for implantation at a later date nor experimented upon for scientific purposes.
In addition to the guidelines on Artificial Insemination the following apply:
The wasting away or withering of tissue, organs or body parts through lack of use or poor nourishment.
Waking body temperature. Two level body temperature. The basal body temperature of women will reflect a lower temperature in the beginning of her menstrual cycle and an upward shift of approximately 1 degree during the last 11 to 14 days of the cycle which represents the presence of progesterone. A narrow part of the base of the uterus which extends slightly into the vagina. A fluid secreted by glands in the cervix in response to the presence of estrogen. It becomes watery and stretchy before and at the time of ovulation. The purpose of the cervical mucus is to “wash” the sperm of the seminal fluid, to nourish the sperm and aid in sperm migration. The name given to an ovarian follicle after it has released the egg. Its purpose is to secrete progesterone for 11-14 days after ovulation. The preservation of human’s embryo’s by freezing.
The scraping of the lining of the uterus with a sharp instrument inserted through the vagina. This removes tissue which may block implantation of a fertilized egg.
Eggs and sperm of a man and a woman to be sold or donated to a couple seeking to conceive a child.
An instrument used to detect sounds generated by flow of blood in the seminal vein indicating the presence of a vericocele.
- A pregnancy in which the fertilized egg implants in a location outside the uterus usually in the fallopian tube, the ovary, or the abdominal cavity. Ectopic pregnancy is a dangerous condition that must receive prompt treatment.
A female reproductive cell, also called an oocyte or ovum.
A procedure to collect the eggs contained in the ovarian follicles.
The transfer of retrieved eggs into a woman’s fallopian tubes through laparoscopy. This procedure is used only in GIFT (see definition).
This process involves an electrical stimulation or shocking of the muscles and organs involved in ejaculation. Electrodes are inserted in the perineal area, the area between the anus and the scrotum. Through the process of electrical shock, the ejaculatory ducts are stimulated to contract and a semen specimen is produced.
This process is immoral because it is masturbation. The glands and hormones they secrete into the bloodstream which control metabolism, reproduction and other bodily functions.
An egg that has been fertilized and that has undergone one or more divisions.
Placement of embryos into a woman’s uterus through the cervix after IVF (see definition) or, in the case of ZIFT (see definition), into her fallopian tubes.
The presence of tissue similar to the uterine lining in locations outside the uterus, such as the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and abdominal cavity. Long, narrow tubes which is part of the spermatic duct system. They lie on top of each teste and serve as a maturation center for sperm.
Any one of thousands of tiny ovarian structures that contains a developing eggs. Upon release of the egg it becomes the Corpus Luteum.
A fluid-filled structure containing the developing child An ART procedure that involves removing eggs from the woman’s ovary, and sperm procured from the man in a morally acceptable fashion and washed of its seminal fluid. The gametes are placed in a laparascope with an air bubble separating the eggs from the sperm, which is placed in the woman’s fallopian tube where conception will take place through a small incision in her abdomen. Moral Evaluation This method may be moral or immoral depending upon:
A procedure in which a single sperm is injected directly into an egg; this procedure is most commonly used to overcome male infertility problems. This procedure is also the preferred method of Invitro Fertilization because it has a greater effectiveness rate than IVF.
This method is intrinsically evil and thus it is immoral.
Along with the reasons listed under Invitro Fertilization, ICSI is also immoral because it tampers with the natural selection process which insures that the strongest and most genetically fit sperm penetrate the egg for fertilization. The normal ejaculate contains on the average 100 million sperm. Only one of them succeed in fertilization. One of the functions of the cervical mucus is to weed out defective sperm. Those that make it to the egg must be chemically able to penetrate the shell of the egg with speed. This is natural selection, the process that insures the survival of the fittest. During the ICSI process, the physician chooses a sperm which looks to him to be healthy, bypassing the natural selection process, thus playing God. Since, in nature, this sperm has a very slim chance to fertilize an egg on its own, it is more likely that genetic defects are likely to appear in ICSI children and/or descendants in effect, eroding the human gene pool.
An ART procedure that involves removing eggs from a woman’s ovaries and fertilizing them in a petri dish. Some of the resulting embryos are then transferred into the woman’s uterus through the cervix, others are destroyed or frozen for later use.
This method is intrinsically evil and thus it is immoral.
An act which is evil in and of itself in which no circumstance can make it correct.
The postovulation phase of the menstrual cycle under the influence of progesterone secreted by the Corpus Luteum.
A surgical procedure in which a fiberoptic instrument (a laparoscope) is inserted into the pelvic area through a small incision in the abdomen. Deficiencies in sperm quantity, function, or mobility (ability to move) that make it difficult for a sperm to fertilize an egg under normal conditions.
A procedure in which the number of gestational sacs is reduced. This procedure is used to decrease the number of fetuses a woman carries and thereby improve the chances that the remaining fetuses will survive and develop into healthy infants. This is abortion.
A process which uses a woman’s body signs to determining the fertile and infertile times of the menstrual cycle so the couple can plan intercourse according to their desire to achieve or avoid pregnancy.
A cause of infertility related to problems with egg production by the ovaries.
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a medical condition which is different from ovarian enlargement and may very quickly progress to a serious health problems. OHSS causes the vascular system to become permeable which results in a rapid accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, the chest cavity and potentially the pericardium, which will cause heart problems. The use of ultrasound and/or blood or urine tests to monitor the development of ovarian follicles.
Pregnancy documented by a blood or urine test that shows a rise in the level of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone.
Pregnancy documented by the presence of a gestational sac on ultrasound.
A blood or urine test that determines the level of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone. Elevated levels of this hormone are chemical evidence of a pregnancy.
A woman who carries an embryo that was formed from the egg of another woman; the surrogate is expected to return the infant to its genetic parents.
A cause of infertility related to structural or functional damage to one or both fallopian tubes
An ART procedure which removes eggs from the upper fallopian tube area and inserts them into the uterus along with sperm. This is done primarily if there is a blockage in the fallopian tube
This method may be moral or immoral depending upon:
An ART cycle in which the woman does not receive drugs to stimulate her ovaries to produce more follicles. Instead, follicles develop naturally.
Part of the ejaculatory system which carries sperm from the epidymus to the ejaculatory duct.
A condition whereby the one way value of the spermatic vein becomes incompetent, allowing a backward flow of blood which causes a low sperm count.
An ART procedure that involves removing eggs from a woman’s ovaries and fertilizing them in a petri dish. They are allowed to grow into multi-celled zygote. Some of the resulting zygotes are then transferred into the woman’s uterus through the cervix. Others are destroyed or frozen for later use.
This method is intrinsically evil and thus it is immoral.
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Artificial Insemination